Search results for "generative grammar"

showing 10 items of 33 documents

Marked systems and circular splicing

2007

Splicing systems are generative devices of formal languages, introduced by Head in 1987 to model biological phenomena on linear and circular DNA molecules. In this paper we introduce a special class of finite circular splicing systems named marked systems. We prove that a marked system S generates a regular circular language if and only if S satisfies a special (decidable) property. As a consequence, we show that we can decide whether a regular circular language is generated by a marked system and we characterize the structure of these regular circular languages.

Discrete mathematicsProperty (programming)Structure (category theory)Molecular computingCircular wordDecidabilityRegular languageIf and only ifRNA splicingFormal languageSplicing systemFormal languageGenerative grammarAutomata theoryMathematics
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Studying radical organizational innovation through grounded theory

2000

The main aim of this article is to study the social processes occurring during the implementation of radical organizational innovation. Our aim is to understand the nature of the development of radical innovation by identifying the social processes, that are taking place. The perspective for the analysis stems from “grounded theory” as a generative and inductive analytical strategy (Glaser & Strauss, 1967). An in-depth case study was thoroughly analysed. A total of 14 indepth interviews were conducted with key informants selected according to “theoretical sampling” criteria. The systematic use of the “constant comparative method” allowed us to differentiate grounded theories leading to a “c…

Organizational Behavior and Human Resource ManagementEmpirical dataSocial processesOrganizational innovationKey informantsPerspective (graphical)Analytical strategySociologyApplied PsychologyGrounded theoryGenerative grammarEpistemologyManagementEuropean Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology
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Unavoidable sets and circular splicing languages

2017

Circular splicing systems are a formal model of a generative mechanism of circular words, inspired by a recombinant behaviour of circular DNA. They are defined by a finite alphabet A, an initial set I of circular words, and a set R of rules. In this paper, we focus on the still unknown relations between regular languages and circular splicing systems with a finite initial set and a finite set R of rules represented by a pair of letters ( ( 1 , 3 ) -CSSH systems). When R = A × A , it is known that the set of all words corresponding to the splicing language belongs to the class of pure unitary languages, introduced by Ehrenfeucht, Haussler, Rozenberg in 1983. They also provided a characteriza…

Discrete mathematicsClass (set theory)General Computer ScienceRegular languages; Circular splicing systems; Unavoidable sets0102 computer and information sciences02 engineering and technologyRegular languagesCharacterization (mathematics)01 natural sciencesUnitary stateTheoretical Computer ScienceFocus (linguistics)Set (abstract data type)CombinatoricsRegular language010201 computation theory & mathematicsUnavoidable sets0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering020201 artificial intelligence & image processingFinite setGenerative grammarCircular splicing systemsMathematicsTheoretical Computer Science
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Combining Markov Random Fields and Convolutional Neural Networks for Image Synthesis

2016

This paper studies a combination of generative Markov random field (MRF) models and discriminatively trained deep convolutional neural networks (dCNNs) for synthesizing 2D images. The generative MRF acts on higher-levels of a dCNN feature pyramid, controling the image layout at an abstract level. We apply the method to both photographic and non-photo-realistic (artwork) synthesis tasks. The MRF regularizer prevents over-excitation artifacts and reduces implausible feature mixtures common to previous dCNN inversion approaches, permitting synthezing photographic content with increased visual plausibility. Unlike standard MRF-based texture synthesis, the combined system can both match and adap…

FOS: Computer and information sciencesRandom fieldMarkov random fieldArtificial neural networkMarkov chainComputer sciencebusiness.industryComputer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION020207 software engineeringPattern recognition02 engineering and technologyIterative reconstructionConvolutional neural networkComputingMethodologies_PATTERNRECOGNITION0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering020201 artificial intelligence & image processingComputer visionArtificial intelligencebusinessGenerative grammarTexture synthesis2016 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)
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Pseudo-relatives, gerunds and infinitives in Romance: (only) superficial resemblances and structural connections

2013

L'argomento di questa monografia è un confronto tra i costrutti predicativi di tipo frasale nelle diverse varietà romanze. Mentre le pseudorelative sono diffuse pressoché in tutta la Romània, con qualche variazione parametrica minore, i gerundi predicativi e gli infiniti preposizionali sono usati solo in alcune varietà. Negli studi linguistici sull'argomento è mancata finora l'ottica comparativa, sia tra varietà diverse, sia tra costrutti predicativi diversi. Il mio lavoro si prefissa lo scopo di colmare questa lacuna, senza ignorare però i costrutti percettivi composti da un infinito semplice, che da parte della letteratura sono stati paragonati alle strutture predicative delle pseudorelat…

minimalismdialettologiaItalian dialectsSmall clauseSettore L-FIL-LET/09 - Filologia E Linguistica RomanzaItaliangerundiRomance languageItalian syntaxRomance linguisticscartografiainfinitiveSpanishsecondary predicatesLanguage and LinguisticsSettore L-LIN/01 - Glottologia E LinguisticaSpanish linguisticsdialectologysintassi generativaSettore L-LIN/06 - Lingua E Letterature Ispano-Americanecostrutti presentativiRhaeto-romancecartographyportogheselingue romanzeSyntaxPseudo-relativepredicati secondariSettore L-LIN/09 - Lingua E Traduzione - Lingue Portoghese E Brasilianagenerative grammarinfinitiPortugueseperception verbspagnoloverbi di percezioneminimalismopresentative constructionitalianoSettore L-FIL-LET/12 - Linguistica ItalianapseudorelativePortuguese languagegenerative syntaxSmall Clausesgerund
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Spacing and Organizing: Process Approaches to the Study of Organizational Space

2018

In the past several decades, the research on space in management studies has moved from being an implicit idea to becoming an important generative force in organizational theory. Through this turn, space no longer surfaces as a stable container in which organizing occurs, rather it is a process for enacting organizing. Even with the growth of studies on organizational space, only a modicum of work exists that aims to distill and theorize the notion of space as organizing. This paper sets forth a typology of process studies on organizational space linked to two dimensions and five approaches for conceiving of space as organizing. In offering this typology, it not only provides an overview of…

TypologyKnowledge managementProcess (engineering)business.industryOrganizational spaceContainer (abstract data type)Order and disorderGeneral MedicineSociologyOrganizational theorySpace (commercial competition)businessGenerative grammar
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Increasing sample efficiency in deep reinforcement learning using generative environment modelling

2020

Artificial neural networkComputer sciencebusiness.industrySample (statistics)Machine learningcomputer.software_genreTheoretical Computer ScienceComputational Theory and MathematicsArtificial IntelligenceControl and Systems EngineeringReinforcement learningMarkov decision processArtificial intelligencebusinesscomputerVDP::Teknologi: 500::Informasjons- og kommunikasjonsteknologi: 550Generative grammar
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Reflections towards a generative theory of musical parallelism

2010

Parallelism plays a core role in Lerdahl and Jackendoff's (1983) GTTM, as it rules the emergence of motivic, metrical, grouping and even formal structures. Due to the high amount of detail and complexity characterising associational structures, neither explicit model nor systematic methodology of parallelism-based structural inference has been included into the GTTM. This paper develops a methodological and computational answer to this problem founded on a computational modelling of pattern extraction operations. The paper focuses in particular on the methodological interest of the pattern mining formalism, and in particular its application to the formalisation of grouping and metrical str…

Structure (mathematical logic)HierarchyTheoretical computer scienceComputer scienceFormalism (philosophy)Core (graph theory)Parallelism (grammar)InferenceExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyRepresentation (mathematics)AlgorithmMusicGenerative grammarMusicae Scientiae
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The Dreaming Variational Autoencoder for Reinforcement Learning Environments

2018

Reinforcement learning has shown great potential in generalizing over raw sensory data using only a single neural network for value optimization. There are several challenges in the current state-of-the-art reinforcement learning algorithms that prevent them from converging towards the global optima. It is likely that the solution to these problems lies in short- and long-term planning, exploration and memory management for reinforcement learning algorithms. Games are often used to benchmark reinforcement learning algorithms as they provide a flexible, reproducible, and easy to control environment. Regardless, few games feature a state-space where results in exploration, memory, and plannin…

Memory managementArtificial neural networkComputer sciencebusiness.industryBenchmark (computing)Feature (machine learning)Reinforcement learningArtificial intelligenceMarkov decision processbusinessAutoencoderGenerative grammar
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The Role of Prominence Information in the Real-Time Comprehension of Transitive Constructions: A Cross-Linguistic Approach

2008

Approaches to language processing have traditionally been formulated with reference to general cognitive concepts (e.g. working memory limitations) or have based their representational assumptions on concepts from generative linguistic theory (e.g. structure determines interpretation). Thus, many well-established generalisations about language that have emerged from cross-linguistic/typological research have not as yet had a major influence in shaping ideas about online processing. Here, we examine the viability of using typologically motivated concepts to account for phenomena in online language comprehension. In particular, we focus on the comprehension of simple transitive sentences (i.e…

ComprehensionLinguistics and LanguageTransitive relationInterpretation (logic)DefinitenessComputer scienceArgumentTheoretical linguisticsAnimacyGenerative grammarLinguisticsLanguage and Linguistics Compass
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